Journal paper

Issue No.	No. 56
Title	Land Problems of Changsha County of Eastern Wu in the Three Kingdoms Period: Focused on the Jiahe Limin Tianjia Bie
Author	Lin, Yi-der
Page	1-50
Abstract	The vast number of land records of Changsha County of the Eastern Wu found in the newly unearthed document Changsha Zoumalou Sanguo Wujian Jiahe limin tianjia bie enable us to research land related issues in the Three Kingdoms period. Large number of researchers have committed their efforts into related fields but not much of them have look into the characteristics of land in the Jiahe limin tianjia bie (嘉禾吏民田家莂, Farmer’s receipt in the Jiahe period). This article uses Lorenz Curve and its concept to analyze records of Jiahe limin tianjia bie to compare the economic characteristics of different farming groups to investigate the wealth distribution and the relation between social status and wealth. It is found that farmers not only have larger lands but also enjoy several economic superiority such as higher concentration of land and lands with lower tax rate. 　　Past researchers have deemed all lands in Jiahe limin tianjia bie as part of a land tenure system because tax rates of 50% or higher were documented. These high tax rates were argued to be predatory and led to a negative correlation between the area of land owned and economic status. However, one can’t compare tax rate against peace period, like at the high of Han Dynasty, and war period such as the Three Kingdoms period. As heavier taxes in the time of war can be expected. Furthermore, confirmation is needed to verify that the 50% tax rate indeed applied to most land parcels. A better understanding toward Jiahe limin tianjia bie might be achieved if the land are treated as ordinary private properties.
Keyword	Three Kingdoms, land tenure, characteristic of land, Zoumalou Sanguo Wujian, distribution of wealth, agriculture, Lorenz Curve
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