Journal paper

Issue No.	No. 32
Title	The Importance of Wenxiang in Late Qing Politics
Author	Wei Hsiu-mei
Page	121-146
Abstract	Wenxiang was a member of the Gualgiya clan and a Manchu Plain Red Bannerman. 　　He became a metropolitan degree-holder (chin-shih) in 1845 and began his career as secretary in the Board. His loyalty and diligence won him the trust of the Xianfeng emperor, who appointed him to the office of vice-president of the Board of Revenue and to the Grand Council in May 1858; in early 1861, he served at the Tsungli Yamen and was in charge of foreign affairs. This paper considers him as a prominent court official and assesses his contributions to the late Qing government in three areas: input on important court decisions, judgment on major trends, and influence in government policies.
Keyword	Wenxiang Ixin (I-hsin) Zeng Guofan Li Hongzhang Zuo Zongtang Xianfeng Emperor Tongzhi Empero Empress Dowager
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