Journal paper

Issue No.	No. 43
Title	The Appointment to Specific Mandarinate in Tang Dynasty─ ─ The reinterpretation to the “Miscellaneous Statute, Tiansheng Statutes” in the Thirteenth Tang Ordinance.
Author	Liang-chun Lai
Page	119-172
Abstract	“Miscellaneous Statute, Tiansheng Statutes＂, the thirteenth Tang ordinance set appointment regulations for two main categories. The first category includes “Xunguan＂（勳官）, “Sanui＂（三衛）, and officers ranking under lieutenant. The three kinds of people are the main content in the Statute. The Second category includes four kinds of people：state leaders, naturalized citizens, “Iauan＂（迓遠） people, and “Iaoshou Officers＂（遙授官）. The second category is far less than the first one and is not the main content in the statute. Among the four kinds of people, the most special is “Iauan＂ （迓 遠）people who are temporary agents dealing with urgent affairs in diplomatic relations. Therefore, the statute especially regulates their appointment. 　　The main purpose of this statute is to emphasize that appointments should be written by the official administration. Privately written appointments are only subordinate and conditional. Once every “Dao＂（道）could write appointments, but since Tang Dali（唐大曆）（66-779A.D.）, the central government withdrew the power of appointment writing, and enforced this ordinance that appointments shall be written by the official administration. 　　This statute can be seen as a central government’s attempt to manipulate the local feuds. The assumed time of this statute is not in the early Tang Dynasty, but is formed or amended after 795A.D. The statute indicates a tug of war for appointment writing power between the central government and the local feuds.
Keyword	“Tiansheng Statute”, Appointment, “Iauan” People, “Iaoshou Officers＂
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