| Abstract |
Rulers of the Qing dynasty regarded the “Eight Banners system as the foundation of the country” and have therefore rewarded the bannermen with a variety of privileges to emphasize their specialty and superiority. However, due to political unstable, finance difficulty and over populated bannermen forced government to renounce multiple privilege of bannermen in the Late Qing Period. Such policy change reduce specialty of bannermen and make them closer to common people that is a process which can be called the Normalization of Bannermen. We can noticed that the Development of the Normalization of Bannermen is heavily influenced by the Will of Manchu Ruler, the Capability of Qing Government and the Indigenization of Manchus. For the Will of Manchu Ruler, He is not only the Manchu but also the Ruler of All China. Therefore he must stabilize his rule in all china that might cost some right of Bannermen. For the Capability of Qing Government, though the ruler wish to grant privileges to bannermen but if there are difficulties the Government will reduce, even cancel, privileges toward Bannermen that makes them more closer to common people. As for the Indigenization of Manchus, Manchus people lived deep inside China, they are deeply influence by the environment around them. Such influence are shown in their way of life and culture traditional getting closer to Han Chinese. Although the Qing Government still take care of Manchus in the Late Qing period, but such care are fading away until the Fall of Qing Dynasty, which was partly caused by the disappointment of people by more specialize of the ruling class, before it can be complete the Combination of bannermen and civilian. It is until the end of Qing Dynasty, the combination come into reality. |
