{"id":21247,"date":"2024-07-03T15:18:39","date_gmt":"2024-07-03T07:18:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.his.ntnu.edu.tw\/?p=21247"},"modified":"2024-10-04T14:33:14","modified_gmt":"2024-10-04T06:33:14","slug":"20240523","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.his.ntnu.edu.tw\/index.php\/2024\/07\/03\/20240523\/","title":{"rendered":"20240523"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"21247\" class=\"elementor elementor-21247\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b2c30bc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b2c30bc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-99891c9\" data-id=\"99891c9\" 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Nora\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u6709\u8457\u591a\u5e74\u9ed8\u5951\u7684\u5e2b\u751f\uff0c\u5e36\u9818\u8b80\u8005\u8a8d\u8b58\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6cd5\u570b\u6240\u69cb\u7bc9\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u8a18\u61b6\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u4ee4\u5c0d\u6cd5\u570b\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u611b\u66f8\u4eba\u8b9a\u5606\u4e0d\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6f14\u8b1b\u8207\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u8ad6\u8457\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u5171\u540c\u611f\u53d7\u66f4\u591a\u6234\u8001\u5e2b\u773c\u4e2d\u8de8\u6d0b\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u7269\u3001\u8207\u77e5\u8b58\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001 \u5167\u5bb9\u5206\u4eab\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6148\u79a7\uff081835-1908\uff09\u8207\u80e1\u9069\uff081891-1962\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u4f4d\u770b\u4f3c\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u793e\u4ea4\u5708\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u7adf\u7136\u6709\u8457\u5171\u901a\u7684\u4ea4\u6703\u9ede\uff1a\u535a\u7269\u9928\u3002\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u570b\u969b\u535a\u7269\u9928\u5354\u6703\uff08International 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style=\"font-family: arial, &quot;Microsoft JhengHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\uff08\u4e8c\uff09 \u5317\u4eac\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5317\u4eac\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u6cd5\u570b\u9063\u4f7f\u6703\u795e\u7236\u8b5a\u885b\u9053\uff08Jean Pierre Armand David, 1826-1900\uff09\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u8b5a\u885b\u9053\u66fe\u5728\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u6559\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\uff0c\u4e26\u57281861\u5e74\u88ab\u6d3e\u5f80\u5317\u4eac\u3002\u4ed6\u5c0d\u4e2d\u570b\u7269\u7a2e\uff0c\u5982\u5927\u718a\u8c93\u548c\u5927\u9e8b\u9e7f\u7684\u63a1\u96c6\u8207\u547d\u540d\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u8b5a\u885b\u9053\u57281862\u5e74\u81f31866\u5e74\u9593\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u9032\u884c\u81ea\u7136\u63a1\u96c6\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u9019\u4e9b\u6a19\u672c\u6210\u70ba\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u4ed6\u57281871\u5e74\u5411\u5df4\u9ece\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u535a\u7269\u9928\u8acb\u6c42\u589e\u6dfb\u66f4\u591a\u6a19\u672c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u6536\u85cf\u54c1\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e8\u5728\u50b3\u6559\u8207\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928\u56e0\u6b64\u6210\u70ba\u5c55\u793a\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u6a19\u672c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5834\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b78\u754c\u5c0d\u8b5a\u885b\u9053\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8f03\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8f03\u5c11\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u6709\u95dc\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u96f6\u6563\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u5e7e\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u548c\u594f\u647a\u30021885\u5e74\uff0c\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u8981\u6c42\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u5c07\u5317\u5802\u737b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u535a\u7269\u9928\u8d08\u4e88\u5979\u4ee5\u4f9b\u6d88\u9063\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u8cc7\u6599\u4e26\u672a\u660e\u78ba\u8aaa\u660e\u535a\u7269\u9928\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u540d\u7a31\u548c\u8a2d\u7acb\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u5e38\u7a31\u5176\u70ba\u300c\u767e\u9ce5\u5802\u300d\u3002\u6234\u8001\u5e2b\u900f\u904e\u6cd5\u6587\u53f2\u6599\u548c\u73cd\u8cb4\u4e00\u624b\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u7d30\u7dfb\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u3001\u904b\u4f5c\u548c\u79fb\u8f49\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u6839\u64da\u6cd5\u6587\u53f2\u6599\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9928\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\u6559\u5802\u65bc1867\u5e74\u958b\u5e55\u795d\u8056\u5f8c\u624d\u5411\u516c\u773e\u958b\u653e\u30021885\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5149\u7dd2\u5e1d\u6210\u5e74\u3001\u6148\u79a7\u592a\u540e\u6b78\u653f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6e05\u6cd5\u6230\u722d\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6148\u79a7\u8981\u6c42\u5c07\u8836\u6c60\u53e3\u5317\u5802\u8d08\u4e88\u6e05\u5ef7\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u535a\u7269\u9928\u9077\u79fb\u3002\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928\u65bc1887\u5e74\u5e95\u812b\u96e2\u6559\u6703\uff0c\u6b78\u5165\u6e05\u5bae\u8ca1\u7522\uff0c\u4f46\u9187\u89aa\u738b\uff081840-1891\uff09\u4ecd\u8981\u6c42\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u7e7c\u7e8c\u7dad\u8b77\u6a19\u672c\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u53ef\u80fd\u7dad\u6301\u4e86\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u30021909\u5e74\uff0c\u8836\u6c60\u53e3\u5317\u5802\u539f\u5740\u56e0\u8981\u5efa\u8a2d\u76e3\u570b\u651d\u653f\u738b\u5e9c\u800c\u6559\u5802\u548c\u9644\u5c6c\u5efa\u7bc9\u906d\u62c6\u9664\uff0c\u8a72\u5740\u662f\u73fe\u4eca\u4e2d\u570b\u570b\u52d9\u9662\u6240\u5728\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8b5a\u885b\u9053\u795e\u7236\u57281874\u5e74\u56de\u5230\u5df4\u9ece\u5f8c\uff0c\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928\u4ecd\u7136\u6301\u7e8c\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u7f8e\u7c4d\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u6797\u6a02\u77e5\uff08Andrew Young John William Allen, 1836-1907\uff09\u5728\u300a\u842c\u570b\u516c\u5831\u300b\u4e0a\u8a18\u9304\u4e86\u4ed6\u53c3\u89c0\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u5176\u4e2d\u5947\u79bd\u7570\u7378\u7684\u6a19\u672c\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u300c\u6b7b\u8005\u5982\u751f\u3001\u67af\u8005\u8f49\u69ae\u300d\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u6548\u679c\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u898b\u8b49\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u535a\u7269\u9928\u5728\u7576\u6642\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u548c\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3002\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928\u7684\u6a19\u672c\u5f8c\u4f86\u5728\u6e05\u5ef7\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6b0a\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ecd\u8b93\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u6301\u7e8c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4e26\u7e7c\u7e8c\u767c\u63ee\u6559\u80b2\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u76f4\u52301909\u5e74\u5efa\u7bc9\u56e0\u5efa\u8a2d\u9700\u8981\u800c\u88ab\u62c6\u9664\u3002\u5317\u4eac\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u5c55\u793a\u6e05\u672b\u8de8\u570b\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u535a\u7269\u9928\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6234\u8001\u5e2b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u300c\u6148\u79a7\u7d22\u8d08\u7684\u79ae\u7269\u300d\u7684\u591a\u7a2e\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u6148\u79a7\u5411\u9063\u4f7f\u6703\u7d22\u8d08\u9019\u4e9b\u6a19\u672c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u7d14\u7cb9\u70ba\u4e86\u6d88\u9063\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u5149\u7dd2\u5e1d\u6559\u80b2\u7d20\u6750\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u6cd5\u6587\u66f8\u4fe1\u986f\u793a\u5149\u7dd2\u5e1d\u5341\u5206\u559c\u611b\u3001\u4e26\u4e14\u7d93\u5e38\u53bb\u89c0\u8cde\u9019\u4e9b\u73cd\u79bd\u7570\u7378\u6a19\u672c\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u70ba\u8981\u5b9a\u671f\u7dad\u8b77\u9019\u4e9b\u6a19\u672c\uff0c\u5149\u7dd2\u5e1d\u89aa\u751f\u7236\u89aa\u9187\u89aa\u738b\u624d\u8981\u6c42\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u7e7c\u7e8c\u6d3e\u4eba\u5354\u52a9\u3002\u7e3d\u7406\u5404\u570b\u4e8b\u52d9\u8859\u9580\u7684\u6a94\u6848\u548c\u4eac\u5e2b\u5927\u5b78\u5802\u7684\u8a2d\u7f6e\u8207\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u4e5f\u986f\u793a\u5317\u5802\u535a\u7269\u9928\u5728\u7576\u6642\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\uff08\u4e09\uff09 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Sutherland Whitewright, 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