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Huizinga\uff081872-1945\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u8457\u4f5c<em>The Autumn of the Middle Ages<\/em>\uff081919\uff09\u9996\u6b21\u5617\u8a66\u4ee5\u5716\u50cf\u89e3\u91cb\u4e2d\u53e4\u4e16\u7d00\u6b50\u6d32\u4eba\u591a\u6101\u5584\u611f\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u6027\u60c5\uff0c\u800c\u96c6\u5927\u6210\u8005\u6709Peter Burke\uff081937-\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u5091\u4f5c\u6709<em>The Fabrication of Louis XIV<\/em>\uff081992\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\u95e1\u91cb\u6cd5\u570b\u738b\u6b0a\u5a01\u5100\u5f62\u8c61\u662f\u85c9\u7531\u85dd\u8853\u54c1\u5275\u9020\u7522\u751f\uff1b\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u5169\u5927\u7814\u7a76\u53d6\u5f91\u50b3\u7d71\u4ee5\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08formalism\uff09\u5206\u6790\u85dd\u8853\u4f5c\u54c1\u672c\u8eab\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u5efa\u69cb\u5176\u98a8\u683c\u8b5c\u7cfb\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u689d\u5247\u85c9\u5716\u50cf\u5b78\uff08iconography\uff09\u8207\u5716\u610f\u5b78\uff08iconology\uff09\u5c0d\u756b\u6846\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u52a0\u4ee5\u8a6e\u91cb\uff1b\u793e\u6703\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u53c8\u64f4\u5c55\u85dd\u8853\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7586\u754c\uff0c\u5c07\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u529b\u8207\u793e\u6703\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u7269\u8cea\u6587\u5316\u8207\u4f9b\u9700\u96d9\u65b9\u3001\u8de8\u5340\u57df\u9593\u4ea4\u6703\u4e92\u52d5\u878d\u5165\u5c0d\u5716\u50cf\u7684\u89e3\u69cb\u8207\u91cd\u65b0\u8a6e\u91cb\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5Craig Clunas\uff081954-\uff09\u70ba\u4ee3\u8868\u30021980\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u5f8c\u7814\u7a76\u8996\u89ba\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u8af8\u5982Svetlana Alpers\uff081936-\uff09\u3001Michael Baxandall\uff081933-2008\uff09\u5c07\u5716\u50cf\u8207\u793e\u6703\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u77e5\u8b58\u8981\u7d20\u52a0\u4ee5\u6574\u5408\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662fErwin Panofsky\uff081892-1968\uff09\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5\u5716\u50cf\u7684\u4e09\u968e\u8a6e\u91cb\u5c64\u6b21\uff1a\u8c61\u5fb5\uff0d\u7b26\u78bc\uff0d\u96b1\u55bb\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u6b64\u7406\u8ad6\u67b6\u69cb\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e00\u5716\u50cf\u5728\u5404\u5c64\u7d1a\u9593\u767c\u751f\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u632a\u7528\u6216\u5f62\u8b8a\uff0c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u91cb\u5176\u81ea\u7136\u610f\u7fa9\u3001\u6163\u4f8b\u610f\u7fa9\u3001\u5167\u5728\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u7570\u540c\u3002\u7136\u82e5\u8ffd\u8e64\u8996\u89ba\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6df5\u6e90\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u6eaf\u6e90\u81f3Aby Warburg\uff081866-1929\uff09\u3002<\/p><p>Aby Warburg\u6700\u70ba\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u756b\u70ba\u300a\u8a18\u61b6\u5973\u795e\u5716\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u641c\u5c0b\u76f8\u4f3c\u6216\u76f8\u4eff\u7684\u773e\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u7d44\u6210\u4e00\u4e3b\u984c\u5f0f\u7684\u5716\u7d44\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u5c0d\u6bd4\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u53e4\u4ee3\u8c61\u5fb5\u6027\u8996\u89ba\u5716\u50cf\u7684\u524d\u4e16\u4eca\u751f\uff0c\u5373\u7279\u5b9a\u8996\u89ba\u4e3b\u984c\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u5f62\u8b8a\u53ca\u8f49\u55bb\u3002\u70ba\u6b64\uff0cAby Warburg\u53d7\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bb6\u585e\u8499Richard W. Semon\uff081858-1918\uff09\u300c\u8a18\u61b6\u75d5\u8de1\u300d\u6240\u555f\u767c\uff0c\u63d0\u51fapathosformeln\uff08\u6f58\u8001\u5e2b\u8b6f\u4f5c\u300c\u60c5\u5ff5\u7a0b\u5f0f\u300d\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6982\u5ff5\u7e3d\u62ec\u4e4b\u3002\u6f58\u8001\u5e2b\u5217\u8209\u591a\u8b49\u89e3\u91cb\u8996\u89ba\u5716\u50cf\u7684\u6f14\u8b8a\uff0c\u5982\u6f2b\u756b\u4e2d\u4ffe\u65af\u9ea5\u4ee5\u9818\u822a\u54e1\u4e4b\u59ff\u4e0b\u8239\uff0c\u6b64\u5716\u50cf\u5f80\u5f8c\u6f38\u88ab\u6587\u5316\u8ce6\u8207\u6709\u6b0a\u52e2\u8005\u4e0b\u91ce\u7684\u610f\u8c61\uff1b\u5f17\u91cc\u5e7e\u4e9e\u7121\u908a\u4fbf\u5e3d\u6700\u521d\u662f\u883b\u65cf\u7684\u6a19\u8a8c\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u5927\u9769\u547d\u5f8c\u6210\u70ba\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\uff1b\u7f85\u99ac\u5171\u548c\u6642\u671f\u3001\u5e1d\u570b\u6642\u671f\u4ee5\u9df9\u70ba\u5fbd\u8a18\uff0c\u5f80\u5f8c\u70ba\u6771\u7f85\u99ac\u5e1d\u570b\u81f3\u7d0d\u7cb9\u5fb7\u570b\u7b49\u5ba3\u7a31\u7e7c\u627f\u7f85\u99ac\u7d71\u7dd2\u4e4b\u653f\u6b0a\u6240\u6548\u4eff\u7b49\u4e0d\u52dd\u679a\u8209\u3002<\/p><p>\u6f14\u8b1b\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u6f58\u8001\u5e2b\u805a\u7126\u63a2\u8a0e\u7d0d\u7cb9\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u8a18\u61b6\u53ca\u5176\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u6f2b\u756b\u300a\u9f20\u65cf\u300b\u7531\u7336\u592a\u88d4\u5fb7\u570b\u79fb\u6c11Art 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